The Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children (GOSH) released a report on Thursday into the actions of the former orthopaedic surgeon who treated hundreds of children over five years.

The review found that 98 patients (12.4%) experienced some level of harm, and 94 of these cases were linked specifically to the care provided by Mr Jabbar.

The London hospital undertook a clinical case review of 789 of Jabbar's cases after concerns were raised about his clinical practice.

Some patients were left in continuous pain or needed further corrective surgeries, the independent review found.

Harm gradings ranged from mild, such as an unnecessary general anaesthetic, to severe gradings for situations like delayed diagnosis of complications or surgery that did not achieve the intended outcome.

Some 36 children suffered severe harm because of Jabbar, who worked at the hospital between 2017 and 2022 and focused on lower limb reconstructions.

A further 39 patients suffered moderate harm and 19 patients came to mild harm, the report said.

"There were instances of premature removal of fixation devices, the combination of procedures without clear rationale, inadequate counselling on fracture risk, and an over-reliance on junior staff," the report said.

"There were some serious problems found, including poor planning before surgery, not making the area stable enough, unclear or incomplete notes, and putting implants in the wrong place.

"Other issues were making cuts in the bone at the wrong level or using the wrong method, making decisions that didn't match what was seen in the scans during surgery, problems with how frames and pins were used, and not involving the wider team when dealing with infections."

Analysis of the independent expert case reports "identified that Mr Jabbar was highly inconsistent in his approach to clinical care with recurrent deficiencies in documentation, assessment, and surgical decision-making", the report said.

James Wood, 19, from Great Yarmouth, was left in "horrifying" pain after Jabbar carried out a procedure to stretch the tissue in his knee by fixing a frame to his leg. He also carried out an Achilles tendon lengthening procedure.

Mr Wood - who was born with multiple pterygium syndrome that caused skin webbing across the joints - experienced extreme pain and swelling in his right thigh.

It was later found that one of the pins used to secure the frame had protruded into Mr Wood's thigh, causing bleeding and damage to the femoral artery when it was removed.

In another case, a leg-lengthening procedure Jabbar carried out on Vivaan Sharma, 12, to correct a shortened and bowed right leg was found to have been "incorrect and unsuitable".

Jabbar was found to have used a different frame to the one commonly used in such procedures, with the issue being too complex to resolve in a single procedure.

Though the report found Vivaan had suffered moderate harm, his parents said the treatment had impacted his independence beyond six months and caused nightmares.

"It's appalling. Our boy will be affected for life," Mr Sharma said.

In some cases, patient records were incomplete, meaning it was not possible to reach a clear conclusion.

A very small number of children came to harm for reasons not related to Mr Jabbar, such as administrative delays or issues involving other clinicians.

Read more from Sky News:
Teenager pleads guilty to murder of 12-year-old boy
London bus driver sacked for punching man who stole necklace

GOSH chief executive Matthew Shaw apologised to affected families on Thursday, branding Jabbar's practice as "entirely unacceptable".

"We are profoundly sorry to all the patients and their families who have been affected by the care provided by Mr Jabbar," he said.

"The report we have published today sets out in full what happened, what we found in our review of patients, what we have learnt and what we have done as a consequence."

Mr Shaw said significant changes had been made at the hospital but acknowledged "this comes too late for the families affected by this issue".

A Metropolitan Police spokesperson said: "We will review the report commissioned by GOSH and assess whether there is any requirement for police involvement."

Mr Jabbar rescinded his UK medical licence in January 2024.

He is believed to have since moved overseas.

Sky News has attempted to contact representatives for Mr Jabbar.

Leo Ross suffered fatal injuries after he was stabbed in the stomach while on a riverside path in the Hall Green area of the city in January last year.

The 15-year-old killer, who was 14 at the time of the fatal attack, cannot be named for legal reasons.

The boy also admitted two counts of causing grievous bodily harm with intent on 19 and 20 January 2025 and assault occasioning actual bodily harm on 21 January 2025 in relation to separate attacks on other victims, as well as having a bladed article on the day he murdered Leo.

He denied assault occasioning actual bodily harm on 22 October 2024 and assault by beating on 29 December 2024 in relation to two other people and those charges were ordered to lie on file.

Leo was walking home from the Christ Church, Church of England Secondary Academy in Yardley Wood when he was stabbed in the random and unprovoked attack.

His foster family, the Westons, said his loss had impacted them "deeply and his absence is felt constantly".

Leo's birth mother, Rachel Fisher, described her son as the "sweetest, most kind-hearted boy".

She added: "My baby's life was stolen for no reason whatsoever. My life will never be the same again without him."

Subsequent police inquiries established that the murder weapon was thrown into a nearby river. The killer, riding a bike, was also found to have previously hunted down and attacked several women in local parkland.

West Midlands Police also found that the killer opted to hang around to talk to officers at the murder scene, falsely claiming he had stumbled across Leo lying fatally injured beside the River Cole.

The Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) said it built a comprehensive case using witness statements, forensic evidence and detailed analysis of CCTV to track the defendant's movements, "which left him no option but to plead guilty".

CCTV placed the boy near the scene immediately before and after Leo's murder.

A knife matching the dimensions of Leo's injury was recovered near the scene and forensic examination linked it to both the murder and the defendant, and clothing seized from the boy's home also contained Leo's blood.

Senior Crown prosecutor Jonathan Roe said: "This was a senseless act of violence that has devastated a family and robbed a 12-year-old boy of his life.

"Leo Ross should have had his whole future ahead of him, and he should have been able to walk home from school without harm.

"It seems unimaginable that a 14-year-old would use a knife to intend to murder another, or seriously injure them causing their death, but that is what occurred on that day.

"The defendant's guilty plea today means Leo's loved ones have at least been spared the ordeal of a trial. Our thoughts remain with them as they continue to cope with this unimaginable loss."

Sentencing will take place at Birmingham Crown Court on 10 February, with Judge Paul Farrer KC remanding the boy into youth detention in the meantime.

Read more from Sky News:
Shoplifter killed Asda security guard during struggle over alcohol
Man arrested after pensioner tied up during robbery bid

Detective Inspector Joe Davenport described it as a "heartbreaking and senseless attack".

He added: "Because of this boy's actions, Leo and his family have been robbed of the life he could have lived.

"I'd like to thank the members of the community who tried to save Leo's life, as well as the paramedics at the scene.

"Thanks to the public, who responded to our appeals for information and provided witness accounts and images, we were able to piece together the events which led to Leo's death.

"Our thoughts remain with Leo's family and we hope they can gain some closure knowing justice has been done."

It's seen as a middling power at best, one that does have some advantages to offer, particularly in the service and knowledge economies, but one that has a greatly diminished global impact, particularly in the post Brexit years.

Add to that 10 years of flip-flopping on China policy, very limited outreach and increasingly hawkish attitudes both in the British parliament and the general public, and it's hardly surprising that China didn't roll out the full five-star treatment for Sir Keir Starmer that it does with some visiting leaders.

But despite all that, there were plenty of signs that the Chinese are happy to have a British prime minister here, not least for the optics.

Much of what was said for the cameras at least was notable for its optimism, even warmth, and there's a sense the Chinese do see this as a moment of reset and smell genuine opportunity.

In terms of the specifics of deals that were done, the Chinese releases didn't include masses of detail, but there was a sense that progress was made.

They spoke about a hope for further cooperation on education, healthcare and financial services and the potential for joint research into future-reaching areas like AI, biosciences, new energy and low-carbon technology.

This looks like a win for both sides: services are the UK's most important export to China, while the country is the world leader in manufacturing green energy technologies and is on the constant hunt for expanded markets in which to sell them.

China holding firm

It is clear that some trickier things came up in the room, too, things on which China wants to control the narrative.

On Taiwan, there was a reaffirmation from the UK that its position "remains unchanged and will not change".

Taiwan is a self-governing island that China sees as its own, and officially, most countries, including the UK, do not recognise it as an independent entity - getting nations to publicly restate this is hugely important to China.

And we know Sir Keir had promised to raise the case of Jimmy Lai, the jailed Hong Kong democracy campaigner. In the Chinese readout, it said simply the two had agreed "Hong Kong's prosperity and stability are in the common interest of both countries" - that's probably China speak for "it came up and we're not budging".

But perhaps the most interesting takeaways were the not-so-subtle hints dropped about the other major power at play in this dynamic - the United States.


"Unilateralism, protectionism, and power politics has been rampant" and that times are currently "turbulent and fluid".

Indeed, from the Chinese perspective, Thursday mattered not because of what was achieved but because of who was watching.

Playing the long game

The optics of the British prime minister being here, revamping this relationship, at exactly the moment that Donald Trump is seriously disrupting traditional transatlantic partnerships, is exquisite for the Chinese.

Indeed, under President Xi Jinping, China has long nurtured the narrative that it is, in fact, the world's most reliable superpower, that countries should look to it, and not the US, for stable global leadership.

Read more from Sky News:
Doctors share accounts of Iran crackdown
Pretti clashes with federal agents

The current chaos being sown by Trump and the list of European powers knocking down China's door very much helps with that sell.

China doesn't expect sudden changes of allegiance, but they do think the whole situation brings opportunity.

In his opening remarks on Thursday, Xi quoted from a Chinese Proverb written by Chairman Mao, "range far your eyes over long vistas", the inference being that it's best to step back, consider the bigger picture and not get too distracted by short-term gains or losses.

China always plays the long and strategic game. Be in no doubt, rekindling a relationship with this middling power is part of that.

"It is a massive change in your life where you can suddenly no longer move any of your limbs," said Sebastian Gomez-Pena, a volunteer in the first UK trial of the device developed by Mr Musk's company Neuralink.

"This kind of technology kind of gives you a new piece of hope."

Seb had just completed his first term at medical school when an accident left him paralysed from the neck down.

He's one of seven people fitted with the chip in the UK trial, designed to assess the safety and reliability of the device.

The Neuralink chip, which is linked to 1,024 electrodes implanted in his brain, was fitted in a five-hour operation at University College London Hospital (UCLH).

While British surgeons and engineers from Neuralink were involved, the device itself was implanted by Neuralink's R1 robot - developed to insert the microscopic electrodes into fragile brain tissue.

The electrodes were inserted about 4mm into the surface of Seb's brain, in the region that controls hand movements.

Nerve signals are carried via threads around 10-times thinner than a human hair to the chip, which is fitted into a circular hole in Seb's skull.

Data from the chip is sent wirelessly to a computer in which AI software "learns" to interpret his brain's electrical signals. So when Seb "thinks" about moving his hand or tapping his finger, it appears on his screen as cursor movement or the "click" of a mouse, effectively restoring the hand control his accident destroyed.

"Everyone in my position tries to move some bit of their body to see if there is any form of recovery, but now when I think about moving my hand it's cool to see that… something actually happens," he said.

"You just think it and it does it."

I watch as Seb's cursor flies around the laptop screen, turning the pages of a research paper he's studying for his medical school exams.

He highlights text, opens and closes windows as fast or faster than someone using a mouse or touchpad.

'Mindblowing' control

We meet Seb on the day his doctors are seeing him for the first time since he's learned to use the device.

They're brain surgeons, but seem as impressed as I am.

"It's mindblowing - you can see the level of control that he has," said Mr Harith Akram, a neurosurgeon at UCLH and lead investigator of the UK trial.

It is still early days. It's taken Neuralink nearly a decade to develop the chip and electrode technology, surgical robot and AI tools needed to satisfy regulators it's in a position to test a device in humans.

The first device was implanted in a US volunteer two years ago; now 21 people in the US, Canada, UK and the UAE have one.

All have severe paralysis - either due to spinal injury, stroke, or neurodegenerative conditions such as ALS.

Results from the trials have yet to be published in peer-reviewed scientific journals or submitted to regulators. Neuralink agreed to give us access to the trial but declined to be interviewed.

However, in Mr Akram's opinion, the early results are promising.

"This technology is going to be a game-changer for patients with severe neurological disability," he said.

"Those patients have very little really to improve their independence. Especially now that we live in a world where we are so dependent on technology."

Neuralink says its mission is to "restore autonomy to those with unmet medical needs and unlock new dimensions of human potential".

Already some users have mastered the technology enough to type on a virtual keyboard by "thinking" about pressing keys with their fingers. Others have used the device to feed themselves with a robotic arm.

Alongside this trial targeting areas of the brain controlling movement, another is targeting brain regions involved in speech in the hope it can be restored in people who've lost the ability to talk following stroke or other brain injury.

Users could 'inhabit' a robot - Musk

The company also has plans to investigate reversing blindness by sending data from a cameras, via the chip, into the brain's vision-processing centres.

Accessing other brain areas involves implanting electrodes deeper into the brain safely and reliably, a challenge the company admits it has yet to overcome.

Yet Elon Musk, Neuralink's controversial founder, has greater hopes for the technology.

At an event last year, he floated the idea of users connecting their device to an Optimus robot made by his other company, Tesla.

"You should actually be able to have full body control and sensors from an Optimus robot. So you could basically inhabit an Optimus robot. It's not just the hand. It's the whole thing," said Mr Musk.

"It'd be kind of cool. The future is going to be weird. But kind of cool."

There's no doubting the potential of this kind of technology for people with severe paralysis or "locked-in" syndrome, or perhaps one day, even blindness.

Read more from Sky News:
NHS lung cancer scheme 'glimpse of the future'
Why is Ryanair fighting with Elon Musk?

But it also raises important questions about future users' safety and privacy.

Those remain a way off however.

Neuralink will need to do larger trials to show the devices are safe and reliable longer term before they could be licensed for wide use.

Unlike Elon Musk's other engineering endeavours, this one depends on brave, determined volunteers like Seb to help deliver it.

Police said the rider of the vehicle reportedly failed to stop at the scene in Poole, Dorset, following the collision at around 3.50pm on Monday.

The woman, aged in her 30s, went to hospital for treatment and later gave birth.

A police spokesperson said the baby "remains in hospital in a serious condition".

Dorset Police has urged anyone who saw what happened to come forward.

PC Dan Blagden, of the force's roads policing team, said: "We are carrying out a full investigation into the circumstances of this collision and I would urge any witnesses who have not already spoken to police to please contact us.

"I would also like to hear from anyone who may have captured relevant dashcam footage or witnessed the manner of the riding of the e-bike prior to the collision.

"We understand there was a pillion passenger on the e-bike at the time of the incident, and we would ask this person and the rider to come forward and speak to police."